NBDE Pharmacology Mnemonics Online Course- Part 1

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                                    Medium of instructions
                                    English

                                    Mode of learning
                                    Self study

                                    Mode of Delivery
                                    Video and Text Based

Question 1
Question 2
Question 3
Question 9
Question 10
Question 11
Question 12
Q 13
Q 14- MNEMONIC: Duration of action of LAs
Q 15
Q 15 "2nd"- MNEMONIC: propranolol increases the duration of action of Lidocaine
Q 16- MNEMONIC: amide vs ester half lives
Q 17
Q 18- MNEMONIC: Methemoglobinemia & Orthotoluidine
Q 19
Q 20- MNEMONIC: LA toxicity effects on nervous systems
Q 20a
Q 20 "2nd"
Q 20 "3rd"-MNEMONIC: Grave's disease & sensitivity to epinephrine
Q 21- MNEMONIC: cardiovascular collapse is due to DIRECT action of LA on heart.
Q 22
Q 23- MNEMONIC: Cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine & produces vasoconstri
Q 24- MNEMONIC: Cocaine stimulates cerebral cortex
Q 25
Q 26
Q 27- MNEMONIC: Sodium-potassium pump
Q 28
Q 30
Q 31
Q 32
Q 35- MNEMONIC: pKa, pH effect on local anesthetics.
pg 5- Q 33-MNEMONIC: onset of action of LA in small nerves vs large
pg5-Q 34
pg5- Q 35
pg5-Q 36
Q 37
Q 38
Q 39

Point 1a: Penicillin V vs Penicillin G
Point 1b: ampicillin has the best gram-negative spectrum
Point 1c: Drugs that are cross-allergenic with penicillin
Point 1d: Dicloxacillin is effective against penicillinase-producing bugs
point 1e: Carbenicillin is used to treat psuedomonas infections
point 1f (check latest guidelines)
point 2a: Bactericidal agents (penicillin) and their mechanism of action
Point 2b: Bacteriostatic agents (tetracyline) and their mechanism of action
point 2c: Antifungals mechanism of action.
Point 2d: Bacteriostatic agents (sulfonamides) mech. of action(PABA-folic acid)
point 3a: Allergic reactions to penicillins- symptoms
point 3b: Clindamycin produces psuedomonas colitis & GI upset
point 3c: broad spectrum & narrow spectrum antibiotics- superinfection
point 3d: Aplastic anemia is associated with chloramphenicol
point 3e: Tetracycline is associated with liver damage
point 3f: erythromycin estolate is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatits
Point 4a: Tetracyline and penicillin (cidal-static interaction)
point 4b: probenecid and penicillin interaction
point 4c: Tetracyline interaction with anatacids and dairy products
point 4d: Broad spectrum antibiotics enhance the action of coumarin
point 4e: Ampicillin reduces effectiveness of oral contraceptives
point 4f: erythromycin inhibits metabolism of seldane and digoxin
point 5a: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes
point 5b: Fluconazole/ ketoconazole: systemic-acting antifungals for candidiasis

Q 5
Q 6
Q 7- MMNEMONIC: penicillin G is given intramuscularly
Q 11
Q 12- MNEMONIC: Cephalexin is cross-allergenic with penicillins
Q 13
Q 14
Q 13 "2nd"
pg 8 Q 14 -MNEMONIC: substitutes for penicillin in penicillin-sensitive patients
Q15
Q 16- MNEMONIC: Ampicillin has the best gram-negative spectrum among penicillins
Q 17
Q 18
Q 19
Q 20- MNEMONIC: Ampicillin is the least effective against penicillinase
Q 21
Q 22
Q 24
Q 25
Q 26- MNEMONIC:Clindamycin concentration in bone; tetracycline in gingival fluid
Q 27
Q 37 pg 9
Q 28- MNEMONIC: Different Antibiotics side effects
Q 29- MNEMONIC: Erythromycin estolate is associated with cholestatic hepatits
Q 30
Q 31-MNEMONIC: Drugs that cause gastrointestinal upset & pseudomem. colitis
Q 32
Q 33
Q 34- MNEMONIC: Tetracycline side effects (photosensitivity & GI symptoms)
Q 36- MNEMONIC: Colitis from clindamycin therapy is cause by C. difficile
Q 37
Q 38- MNEMONIC: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes.
Q 38 "2nd"
Q 39
Q 40- MNEMONIC: Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergisitic.
Q 41
Q 42- MNEMONIC: antibiotic concentration at the site of infection- odontogenic
Q 14 page 10
Q 42 "2nd"
Q 43
Q 44- MNEMONIC: Probenecid results in decreased renal excretion of penicillin
Q 71- MNEMONIC: Penicillin is metabolized in the liver, cleared by kidneys
Q 45
Q 46- MNEMONIC: Ciprofloxacin is affected by antacids and dairy products
Q 47- MNEMONIC: Erythromycin should be avoided in patients taking Seldane