Medicine
Question : Comprehension: Wildlife and nature have largely been associated with humans for numerous emotional and social reasons. A simple stroll around the park amidst some birds provides a fresh breath of life and charges our batteries. Apart from a bird feeder in the backyard, we can also take up other active pastimes, such as hiking, hunting, canoeing, or wildlife photography, to relieve our parched nerves. Since prehistoric times, animals have been highly useful to us in providing food, clothing, and a source of income. Studies indicate that woodpeckers are capable of destroying 90% of codling moth larvae residing under the bark of trees. This shows the significance of wildlife and wildlife habitat for preserving genetic diversity. Hence, places, where agriculture, forests, and fisheries depend on crops or stocks, can ensure that such living resources are enough to withstand the ever-increasing list of threats. Further, in medicine, the development of new drugs and treatments is largely dependent on wildlife and wildlife habitat. Interestingly, most pharmaceutical products are a result of discovering or developing wildlife species, not discoveries made through traditional chemistry principles. Today, most medicinal remedies contain at least one ingredient derived from a wild plant or animal. Biodiversity is the variety of living beings within an ecosystem or on our planet. It is a measurement of the health of ecosystems. Biodiversity also plays a part in the function of climate. In terrestrial habitats, tropical areas are rich in species, whereas polar areas support fewer species. The conservation of biodiversity is inevitable for the survival of humans. Based on the passage above, choose the correct option for the following questions:
Question: What does the passage says about Woodpeckers?
Option 1: Are capable of destroying 90% of codling moth larvae residing under the bark of trees.
Option 2: Make a good muse for wildlife photography.
Option 3: They provide you a fresh breath of air.
Option 4: They like to live in Tropical areas where there is less human population.
Correct Answer: Are capable of destroying 90% of codling moth larvae residing under the bark of trees.
Solution : The first option is the correct choice.
The passage highlights that woodpeckers play a beneficial role by being capable of destroying 90% of codling moth larvae that live under the bark of trees. This emphasises the ecological significance of woodpeckers in controlling pests and maintaining the health of trees.
Question : Correct the matching:-
A: Curative medicine
1:1949
B: NCERT
2:Medical intervention during illness
C: ICMR
3:1961
Option 1: A:2, B:1 C:3
Option 2: A:1, B:2, C:3
Option 3: A:2, B:3, C:1
Option 4: A:3, B:1 C:2
Correct Answer: A:2, B:3, C:1
Solution : NCERT: The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an autonomous organization set up in 1961 by the Government of India to assist and advise the Central and State Governments on policies and programs for qualitative improvement in school education. ICMR: On November 15, 1911, Sir Harcourt Butler founded ICMR under the name Indian Research Fund Association (IRFA). In 1949, it underwent a name change to become the Indian Council of Medical Research. When treating medical diseases where a cure is seen to be possible or even likely, curative treatment, often known as curative medicine, is provided. Hence option c is the correct answer.
Question : Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Who would win in a fight, a lion or a tiger? Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. That's because tigers are the largest of all cat species. They grow up to eleven feet long and weigh as much as 670lbs. This makes tigers the third largest land carnivore. The only larger land carnivores are polar bears and brown bears respectively. Tigers are not only large, but they are also fast. They can sprint as fast as 40 miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30 feet horizontally. This makes for an extremely dangerous pounce. You might not think that such large, fast, and ferocious creatures need help to survive, but they do. The tiger is an endangered species.
Despite all of the tiger's strengths, the future of the species is uncertain. Tigers face a very high risk of extinction. It is estimated that at the start of the 20th century, there were over 100,000 tigers living in the wild. By the turn of the century, the number of tigers outside of captivity dwindled to just over 3,000. Interestingly, the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species, one with an average weight of around 140lbs That species is Homo sapiens, better known as humans. Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways: hunting and destroying habitat. Tigers are hunted for many reasons. People have long valued the famous striped skins. Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, tiger pelts are worth around 10,000 on the black-market. Though the fur would be incentive enough for most poachers, other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny. Some people in China and other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties. Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones, amongst other parts, in some prescriptions.
Question:
What is one of the primary reasons for the threat to tigers?
Option 1: Ecological imbalance
Option 2: Climate change
Option 3: Predators
Option 4: Humans
Correct Answer: Humans
Solution : The correct option is 4 i.e 'Humans.' Explanation:
Let us look at the following passage lines: -
Interestingly, the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species, one with an average weight of around140 lbs.That species is Homo sapiens, better known as humans. Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways: hunting and destroying habitat. - From the above statement, we can conclude that the correct answer is option 4
Question : Case Study 7:
A group of consumers found that a particular medicine was being sold in the market without proper labeling and instructions. This posed a threat to their health and safety. What authority can they approach to address this issue?
Option 1: Consumer Protection Council
Option 2: National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
Option 3: Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
Option 4: District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum
Correct Answer: Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
FSSAI is the regulatory authority responsible for ensuring food safety and standards in India, including the safety of food products and, in this case, medicines. They can take action to address the issue of improper labeling and safety concerns related to the medicine. Consumer Protection Councils typically focus on consumer education and awareness, while the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission and District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forums deal with consumer disputes and grievances.
Question : Assertion: AYUSH systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda and Yoga, are recognized as complementary to allopathic medicine.
Reason: AYUSH systems have their unique principles and practices, which provide holistic healthcare options.
Option 1: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 2: Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 3: Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
Option 4: Assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
The assertion states that AYUSH systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda and Yoga, are recognized as complementary to allopathic medicine, which is correct. AYUSH stands for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. These systems of medicine are recognized and practiced in many countries, including India, as complementary to allopathic medicine. They are often integrated into healthcare systems to provide additional holistic healthcare options to patients.
The reason provided states that AYUSH systems have their unique principles and practices, which provide holistic healthcare options, and this is the correct explanation of the assertion. AYUSH systems of medicine have their own set of principles, philosophies, and practices that focus on holistic health and well-being. They emphasize natural remedies, lifestyle modifications, and preventive measures to maintain health and treat diseases. By offering a holistic approach, AYUSH systems complement allopathic medicine, which primarily focuses on disease management using pharmaceuticals and surgeries.
Therefore, both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason serves as the correct explanation for why AYUSH systems of medicine are recognized as complementary to allopathic medicine.
Question : Name the high frequency radiation produced in nuclear reactions and also emitted by radioactive nuclei that is used in medicine to destroy cancer cells.
Option 1: Ultraviolet waves
Option 2: Gamma rays
Option 3: Light waves
Option 4: X-rays
Correct Answer: Gamma rays
Solution : The correct answer is Gamma rays.
The high-frequency radiation produced in nuclear reactions and emitted by radioactive nuclei, which is used in medicine to destroy cancer cells, is called gamma radiation or simply gamma rays. Gamma rays have high energy and are employed in radiation therapy for treating certain types of cancer.
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