Statistics
Question : Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
The number of Indian students going abroad for higher studies has increased by 68.79 per cent in the past year, according to data provided by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Education, Subhas Sarkar. As per the data provided by him in the Lok Sabha, the number of Indians enrolled in foreign varsities increased from 4.44 lakh in 2021 to 7.5 lakh in 2022. He clarified that while the Bureau of Immigration and Ministry of Home Affairs maintain departure and arrival data of Indians, there is no index for capturing the category of Indians going abroad for higher education.
"Purpose of Indians going abroad for higher education is captured manually based either on their verbal disclosure or the type of visa of the destination country produced by them at the time of immigration clearance," Sarkar said.
According to the data provided by the ministry, the number of Indian nationals increased from 4.54 lakh in 2017 to 5.17 lakh in 2018. There was a significant increase in 2019 as well, with 5.86 lakh students flying out of the country. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of Indian nationals in foreign varsities saw a drastic dip as only 2.59 lakh students were registered. While the number continued to remain low, it saw a slight increase in 2021 with 4.44 lakh registrations. However, the number has significantly jumped to 7.5 lakh in 2022. The increase in the number of Indian nationals abroad corresponds with the latest immigration reports from some of the popular study-abroad destinations such as the US, UK, and Australia. For the UK, the Immigration Statistics Report states that 127,731 visas were granted to Indian students in September 2022, an increase of 93,470 (+273 per cent) against 34,261 in 2019. Similarly, in the US, the number of Indian students has more than doubled, and the Open Doors Report 2022 has predicted that the number of Indian students heading to America is likely to surpass those from China in 2022-23.
Question:
In 2019, how many Indian students went abroad?
Option 1: 5.17 lakh
Option 2: 4.54 lakh
Option 3: 5.86 lakh
Option 4: 4.44 lakh
Correct Answer: 5.86 lakh
Solution : The correct choice is the third option.
Explanation:
The passage states, "According to the data provided by the ministry, the number of Indian nationals increased from 4.54 lakh in 2017 to 5.17 lakh in 2018. There was a significant increase in 2019 as well, with 5.86 lakh students flying out of the country". The sentence clearly mentions that in 2019, the number of Indian students going abroad for higher studies was 5.86 lakh.
Therefore, in 2019, 5.86 lakh Indian students went abroad.
Question : Which agency of the Indian government conducts the National Sample Survey on employment?
Option 1: Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
Option 2: Ministry of Finance
Option 3: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
Option 4: Planning Commission of India
Correct Answer: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
The National Sample Survey on employment in India is conducted by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). MoSPI is responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating official statistical data in India. It conducts various surveys and studies to gather data on a wide range of socio-economic aspects, including employment.
The data collected through the NSS on employment is used for monitoring and evaluating employment trends, labor market conditions, and policy formulation related to employment and labor force development in India. It plays a crucial role in providing insights into the dynamics of the labor market and informing decision-making by policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders.
Question : In India, National Statistics Day is celebrated on ______.
Option 1: 22nd June
Option 2: 15th June
Option 3: 28th June
Option 4: 29th June
Correct Answer: 29th June
Solution : The correct option is 29th June.
In India, National Statistics Day is celebrated on June 29th every year. This day is observed to commemorate the birth anniversary of Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis, an eminent statistician, and to recognise his invaluable contribution to the field of statistics and economic planning in India. Prof. Mahalanobis established the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in 1931 in Kolkata, which became a statistical research and training centre. The National Statistics Day celebration aims to create awareness and promote the importance of statistics in planning and development.
Question : Which of the following organisations of the Government of India has been reporting the Gross domestic product at factor cost and market prices?
Option 1: Reserve Bank of India
Option 2: National Sample Survey Organisation
Option 3: Central Statistics Office
Option 4: NITI Aayog
Correct Answer: Central Statistics Office
Solution : The correct option is the Central Statistics Office.
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation oversees the Central Statistics Office (CSO), which compiles macroeconomic statistics, maintains statistical records, and calculates India's gross domestic product.
Which of the following countries is not very popular with Indian students for studies?
Option 1: Australia
Option 2: USA
Option 3: UK
Option 4: China
Correct Answer: China
Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.
The passage does not provide information about the popularity of China as a study-abroad destination for Indian students. It mentions the popularity of the US, UK, and Australia but does not provide details about China. To infer that China is not very popular with Indian students, we consider that it is not mentioned in the context of an increase in the number of Indian students going there.
Therefore, China is a country that is not very popular with Indian students for studies.
Question : Which organisation of the government of India reports the GDP of the country?
Option 1: Securities and Exchange Board of India
Option 2: Central Statistics Office
Option 3: NITI Aayog
Option 4: Reserve Bank of India
Solution : The correct answer is the Central Statistics Office.
The organisation responsible for reporting the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India is the Central Statistics Office (CSO), which is part of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), Government of India.
Question : As per the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, which state of India has the highest per capita income as of Sep 2019?
Option 1: Goa
Option 2: Punjab
Option 3: Tamil Nadu
Option 4: Gujarat
Correct Answer: Goa
Solution : The correct option is Goa.
The state of Goa had the highest per capita income in India. Goa's high per capita income is attributed to various factors, including a strong tourism industry, a robust service sector, and a relatively small population. Bihar has the lowest per capita income.
Per capita income is a measure of the average income earned "per person" in a specific region and is often used as an indicator of the standard of living.
Question : What is the name of the Comprehensive Household Survey providing labour force statistics in India, which was first conducted in 1955?
Option 1: Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)
Option 2: Employment-Unemployment Survey (EUS)
Option 3: Quarterly Employment Survey (QES)
Option 4: Area Frame Establishment Survey (AFES)
Correct Answer: Employment-Unemployment Survey (EUS)
Solution : The correct answer is the Employment-Unemployment Survey (EUS).
The Employment-Unemployment Survey (EUS) is India's most thorough study of labour force data. It was initially carried out in 1955 during the National Sample Survey's (NSS) ninth round. Based on the M. L. Dantwala committee report, the current format of quinquennial surveys was introduced in the 27th round in 1972–1973.
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The most crucial need for passing the IIT JAM MA test is having a solid understanding of the fundamentals.
For no more than one month, learn the arithmetic of +1 and +2. This will provide you with a solid basis of really practical formulas.
The majority of the questions come from real analysis and linear algebra, thus those are the next subjects you should study. Avoid purchasing expensive books with flashy titles as they are not required for IIT JAM. Recommendations for books in your college course should be followed because they are based on the subjects and information that are genuinely required.
Some of the books I can recommend you are:
1. Calculus - Thomas Finney 2. Real Analysis - Bartle and Sherbet 3. Linear Algebra - Serge Lang 4. Probability - Sheldon Ross
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