The components of the ecosystem given in the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Ecosystem can be divided into abiotic components and biotic components:

 1. Abiotic components- These include the non-living components of nature such as light, temperature, water, soil, air, inorganic nutrients etc.  

 2. Biotic components- The biotic components of an ecosystem refer to the living organisms present in that ecosystem. The biotic components are divided as producers, consumers and decomposers.