Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct option is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion that investment in healthcare improves human capital is true. Human capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and health of individuals that contribute to their productivity and economic potential. Investment in healthcare plays a crucial role in improving human capital by ensuring access to necessary medical services, preventive care, and treatments. When individuals have access to healthcare, they can maintain good health, address health issues promptly, and reduce the impact of illnesses on their productivity and overall well-being. By investing in healthcare, societies can enhance the health and well-being of their population, leading to improved human capital.

The reason provided states that access to healthcare leads to a healthier and more productive workforce, which is a correct explanation of the assertion. When individuals have access to healthcare, they can receive timely medical interventions, preventive measures, and necessary treatments that help them maintain good health. A healthier workforce tends to be more productive, as they experience fewer health-related limitations, absenteeism, and can fully utilize their skills and knowledge in the workplace.

Therefore, both the assertion that investment in healthcare improves human capital and the reason that access to healthcare leads to a healthier and more productive workforce are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.