Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion states that private sector participation in healthcare can enhance the availability and quality of medical services, which is correct. When the private sector is involved in healthcare, it can bring additional resources, expertise, and investments, leading to increased availability of medical services. Private healthcare providers often establish clinics, hospitals, diagnostic centers, and specialized healthcare facilities that contribute to expanding healthcare infrastructure and improving access to medical services. They can also attract skilled healthcare professionals and implement efficient management systems, which can positively impact the quality of care provided.

The reason provided states that private sector investments promote competition and innovation in the healthcare industry, which is the correct explanation of the assertion. When multiple private healthcare providers operate in a competitive market, they strive to differentiate themselves by improving service quality, offering innovative treatments and technologies, and adopting efficient practices. This competition can drive improvements in the healthcare sector, leading to advancements in medical technology, better patient experiences, and overall enhancements in the quality of care provided.

Therefore, both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason serves as the correct explanation for why private sector participation in healthcare can enhance the availability and quality of medical services.