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distinguish between the biota of the pelagic and benthic zones of the oceans with examples. answer in 150 words


Sudesh Kumar 25th Nov, 2020
Answer (1)
NAINA SHARMA 25th Nov, 2020

Hi Aspirant,

  • The benthic zone is the layer closest to the bottom of the water body, while the pelagic zone belongs to the uppermost layers of the water body.
  • The species living in the benthic area are coined as 'benthos,' and the organisms residing in the pelagic regions are referred to as pelagic organism.
  • In terms of the open sea, the benthic zone is characterized by low temperatures, low dissolved oxygen levels, low/no light and high pressures. There is however a gradient in the pelagic zone from top to bottom.
  • When we equate the diversity in these areas, the rich pelagic waters have higher diversity than the benthic zone with lower wealth.
  • Photosynthesis does take place in the epipelagic zone, but the benthic zone does not get enough light.
  • Pelagic food webs are dominated by photosynthesis, while benthic ecosystems are usually powered by detritus drifting from the upper layers.
  • No photosynthetic organism can be found in the benthic region; it is inhabited by detritivores and scavengers. Photosynthetic species as well as active predators are dominant in the pelagic zone.
  • Most of all creatures in the benthic zone are bottom-dwellers or sessile animals, while all creatures in the pelagic zone are free-living.

Thank you

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21st Dec, 2020
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