Question : Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced another successful mission. ISRO chairman S. Somanath said that three small satellites successfully separated and were injected into orbit. ISRO launched three small satellites powered by its SSLV-D2 launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on February 10, 2023, at 09:18 AM IST. The launch vehicle was carrying EOS-07, Janus-1 & AzaadiSAT-2 satellites and aimed to inject them into a 450 km circular orbit. The launch took place at the first launch pad at SDSC SHAR,
Sriharikota. The SSLV-D2 had to take a 15-minute flight to inject EOS-07, Janus-1, and AzaadiSAT-2 satellites into a 450 km circular lower orbit. “It is configured with three solid propulsion stages and a velocity terminal module. It is a 34 m tall, 2 m diameter vehicle having a lift-off mass of 120 t,” said ISRO. The EOS-07 satellite weighs 156.3 kg and is made by ISRO.
About 13 minutes into its flight, the SSLV rocket ejected EOS-07 and soon after that the other two satellites Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 were ejected — all at an altitude of 450 km, said ISRO.
With the new rocket in its portfolio, ISRO will have three rockets — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and its variants (cost about Rs 200 crore), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkII cost about Rs 272 crore and LVM3 Rs 434 crore) and SSLV (Development cost of three rockets about Rs 56 crore each) and production cost may go down later.
“New experiments include mm-Wave Humidity Sounder and Spectrum Monitoring Payload. Janus-1, a 10.2 kg satellite belongs to ANTARIS, USA. An 8.7 kg satellite AzaadiSAT-2 is a combined effort of about 750 girl students across India guided by Space Kidz India, Chennai,” it added.
SSLV caters to the launch of up to 500 kg satellites to Low Earth Orbits on a ‘launch-on-demand’ basis. “It provides low-cost access to Space, offers low turn-around time and flexibility in accommodating multiple satellites, and demands minimal launch infrastructure,” as per a statement by ISRO.
Question:
After reading the passage it can be inferred that it is
Option 1: a government release
Option 2: a news item
Option 3: a magazine article
Option 4: an editorial
Correct Answer: a news item
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
The language used is factual and objective, providing information about a recent event (the successful launch of three small satellites by ISRO) without expressing opinions or providing analysis. The use of quotes from ISRO officials and specific details about the launch supports the news-like structure of the passage.
Answer laterQuestion : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Music can improve mood, decrease pain and anxiety, and facilitate opportunities for emotional expression. Research (1)______ that music can benefit our physical and mental health in numerous ways. Music can (2)______ the brain’s production of the hormone dopamine. This increased dopamine production helps (3)________ feelings of anxiety and depression. Music is processed directly by the amygdala, which is the part of the brain (4)________ in mood and emotions. By reducing stress levels and providing a strong competing stimulus to the pain (5) ________ that enter the brain, music therapy can assist in pain management.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 2.
Option 1: provide
Option 2: furnish
Option 3: exhaust
Option 4: boost
Correct Answer: boost
Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.
In the context of the passage, the blank is discussing how music affects the brain's production of dopamine. The most appropriate word to convey a positive impact on dopamine production is boost. This choice aligns with the positive tone of the passage, indicating that music has a positive influence on the brain's hormone production.
Question : Case Study: LMN Ventures - Financing Innovation and Research
LMN Ventures is a research-driven technology company aiming to innovate and develop cutting-edge products. The company is exploring various sources of business finance to support its research and development endeavors.
Questions : Business Finance and Research
What is the primary objective of financial planning for LMN Ventures in the context of innovation and research?
Option 1: Maximizing short-term profits
Option 2: Minimizing production costs
Option 3: Achieving long-term innovation goals
Option 4: Meeting immediate operational expenses
Correct Answer: Achieving long-term innovation goals
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Achieving long-term innovation goals
Financial planning in the context of innovation and research involves strategic allocation of financial resources to support long-term innovation goals. This includes funding research projects, developing new products, exploring new technologies, and investing in activities that will position the company for future growth and competitiveness. The focus is on achieving sustained innovation and long-term success rather than short-term profit maximization, minimizing production costs, or meeting immediate operational expenses, although these factors are also considered within the broader financial planning strategy.
Question : Statement 1: Marketing concept is customer-oriented and aims to satisfy customer needs.
Statement 2: Production concept focuses on minimizing production costs and maximizing profits.
Option 1: Both statements are correct.
Option 2: Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.
Option 3: Both statements are incorrect.
Option 4: Statement 2 is correct, and statement 1 is incorrect.
Correct Answer: Both statements are correct.
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both statements are correct.
Statement 1 is correct. The marketing concept is indeed customer-oriented and aims to satisfy customer needs. It involves understanding customer needs and wants and then developing strategies to meet those needs through the design, production, and promotion of products or services.
Statement 2 is also correct. The production concept does indeed focus on minimizing production costs and maximizing profits. This concept emphasizes efficiency in production processes to lower production costs and increase output, ultimately leading to higher profitability.
Question : Case Study:
XYZ Corp. emphasizes understanding customer needs and designing products that satisfy those needs. They believe in continuous product improvement and customer-oriented marketing. This philosophy is aligned with:
Option 1: Societal Marketing Concept
Option 2: Selling Concept
Option 3: Product Concept
Option 4: Production Concept
Correct Answer: Product Concept
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Product Concept.
The Product Concept is a marketing philosophy that centers on creating high-quality products that meet or exceed customer expectations. It involves understanding customer needs and preferences and designing products that address those needs effectively. Additionally, the Product Concept emphasizes continuous product improvement to enhance customer satisfaction and maintain a competitive edge in the market. This approach places the product at the center of marketing efforts and aims to deliver superior value to customers through a focus on product quality, features, and benefits.
Question : Which of the following schemes adopts the One District One Product (ODOP) approach to reap the benefit of scale in terms of procurement of inputs, availing common services and marketing of products?
Option 1: Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana
Option 2: Micro and Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP)
Option 3: Production Linked Incentive Scheme For Food Processing Industry (PLISFPI)
Option 4: Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME)
Correct Answer: Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME)
Solution : The correct answer is Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME).
The Ministry of Food Processing Industries, as part of the Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan, has launched the "PM Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) Scheme". This centrally sponsored initiative aims to provide financial, technical and, business support to upgrade existing micro-food processing enterprises. Following the One District, One Product (ODOP) approach, the scheme focuses on enhancing value chains, aligning support infrastructure, and building capacity for two lakh microenterprises across 707 districts in 35 states and UTs.
Question : Case Study: UVW Industries - Sustainable Financing for Green Initiatives
UVW Industries is a company committed to sustainable practices and is undertaking environmentally friendly initiatives. The company is exploring various sources of business finance to support its green projects.
Questions : Business Finance and Sustainability
How can financial planning facilitate UVW Industries' sustainable initiatives?
Option 1: By reducing company workforce
Option 2: By allocating funds effectively for green projects
Option 3: By increasing production costs
Option 4: By investing in unrelated ventures
Correct Answer: By allocating funds effectively for green projects
Solution : The correct answer is (b) By allocating funds effectively for green projects
Financial planning involves allocating financial resources in a strategic manner to support the company's objectives and initiatives. In the context of sustainability, UVW Industries can allocate funds specifically for green projects that align with their sustainable initiatives. This includes budgeting and financial forecasting to ensure that adequate funds are set aside for research, development, implementation, and maintenance of eco-friendly practices and projects.
Question : Case Study:
A company places a strong emphasis on developing products that meet the changing needs and preferences of customers. They focus on product innovation and continuous improvement. This philosophy reflects the:
Option 1: Marketing Concept
Option 2: Production Concept
Option 3: Selling Concept
Option 4: Product Concept
Correct Answer: Product Concept
Solution : The correct answer is (d) Product Concept.
The Product Concept is a marketing philosophy that revolves around creating high-quality products and continually improving them to meet or exceed customer expectations. Companies following this concept prioritize product innovation, features, and attributes, aiming to develop products that stand out in the market and provide superior value to customers. The focus is on the product itself and ensuring it meets the evolving needs and preferences of the customer base through continuous improvement and innovation.
Question : ______________was the leading producer of manganese ore, accounting for 33% of total production during 2019–20 in India.
Option 1: Odisha
Option 2: Madhya Pradesh
Option 3: Maharashtra
Option 4: Karnataka
Correct Answer: Madhya Pradesh
Solution : The correct option is Madhya Pradesh.
During the 2019–20 period, Madhya Pradesh emerged as the foremost producer of manganese ore, contributing significantly to the total production with a share of 33%. Following closely, Maharashtra accounted for 25% of the production, while Odisha secured the third position with a share of 19%.
Question : Case Study:
A company believes that a strong sales and promotional effort is necessary to generate sales, even if it means pushing products onto customers. This philosophy reflects the:
Option 1: Marketing Concept
Option 2: Societal Marketing Concept
Option 3: Production Concept
Option 4: Selling Concept
Correct Answer: Selling Concept
Solution : The correct answer is (d) Selling Concept.
The Selling Concept is a marketing philosophy that emphasizes aggressive selling and promotional efforts to convince customers to purchase a company's products or services. It focuses on sales transactions rather than understanding and addressing customer needs. The belief behind this concept is that customers will not buy enough of the company's offerings unless a significant sales and promotional push is applied to drive sales. The primary goal is to sell what the company produces, often with less consideration for customer needs or value.
