Healthcare
Question : Comprehension: In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within 12 months. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labor markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question: Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 3.
Option 1: rare
Option 2: limited
Option 3: pervasive
Option 4: narrow
Correct Answer: pervasive
Solution : The correct choice is the third option.
Pervasive refers to something prevalent. This helps convey the intended meaning that discriminatory laws and social norms are widespread.
Therefore, the correct answer is prevalent.
Question : Statement 1: The infant mortality rate in India is higher than in China and Pakistan.
Statement 2: Sufficient access to quality healthcare and adequate nutrition contribute to the high infant mortality rate in India.
Option 1: Both statements are true.
Option 2: Both statements are false.
Option 3: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
Option 4: Statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.
Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
Statement 1 states that the infant mortality rate in India is higher than in China and Pakistan, which is generally true. However, Statement 2 suggests that sufficient access to quality healthcare and adequate nutrition contribute to the high infant mortality rate in India, which is not accurate. In reality, factors such as limited access to healthcare, poor sanitation, and socioeconomic disparities contribute to the higher infant mortality rate in India. Therefore, Statement 2 is false.
Question : Statement 1: Access to basic needs of human life is relatively better in India than in China and Pakistan.
Statement 2: Government programs and policies have focused on improving access to basic necessities like food, water, healthcare, and sanitation in China.
Correct Answer: Statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.
Solution : The correct answer is (d) Statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.
Statement 1 claims that access to basic needs of human life is relatively better in India than in China and Pakistan. As mentioned earlier, it is difficult to make a definitive comparison without specific data. While India has made progress in improving access to basic necessities, it still faces challenges in ensuring universal access for its large population. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that access is relatively better in India compared to China and Pakistan without further context.
Statement 2 states that government programs and policies have focused on improving access to basic necessities like food, water, healthcare, and sanitation in China. This statement is true. The Chinese government has implemented various initiatives and policies aimed at improving access to basic necessities. China has made significant strides in poverty alleviation, healthcare reforms, rural development, and infrastructure improvement, which have contributed to improved access to basic necessities for its population. Therefore, statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.
Question : Statement 1: Investment in education is the only factor that contributes to human capital formation.
Statement 2: Investment in healthcare and nutrition also plays a significant role in human capital formation.
Option 1: Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is true.
Option 2: Statement 1 is true, but statement 2 is false.
Option 3: Statement 1 is false, but statement 2 is true.
Option 4: Statement 1 is false, and statement 2 is false.
Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is true.
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is true.
Statement 1 is true. Investment in education is indeed a crucial factor in human capital formation. Education equips individuals with knowledge, skills, and abilities, which are essential components of human capital. Through education, individuals acquire specialized knowledge, develop critical thinking skills, and enhance their overall capabilities.
Statement 2 is also true. While education is a significant contributor to human capital formation, it is not the only factor. Investment in healthcare and nutrition is equally important. Good health and proper nutrition are fundamental for individuals to realize their full potential and effectively utilize their human capital. Access to healthcare services and adequate nutrition positively impact individuals' well-being and ability to participate fully in economic and social activities.
Therefore, both statement 1 and statement 2 are true.
Question : Case Study: MNO Healthcare Solutions (Continued)
In the planning process for expansion, what should MNO Healthcare Solutions do after identifying various courses of action?
Option 1: Evaluating alternative courses of action
Option 2: Identifying potential risks
Option 3: Setting objectives and goals
Option 4: Allocating resources
Correct Answer: Evaluating alternative courses of action
Solution : The correct answer is (a). Evaluating alternative courses of action
Evaluating alternative courses of action involves assessing the pros and cons, feasibility, and potential outcomes associated with each course of action. By conducting a comprehensive evaluation, the company can make an informed decision on the most suitable and effective approach for expansion. This step is crucial for ensuring that the chosen expansion strategy aligns with the company's objectives and maximizes the chances of success.
Question : Case Study: DEF Healthcare Solutions
DEF Healthcare Solutions is a healthcare startup that aims to provide affordable medical services to underserved areas. The company is in the early stages of development and is looking for ways to expand its reach. Question:
The step DEF Healthcare Solutions needs to take to identify potential challenges and opportunities in their expansion is:
Option 1: Evaluating alternatives
Option 2: Setting objectives and goals
Option 3: Identifying potential risks
Correct Answer: Identifying potential risks
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Identifying potential risks
Identifying potential risks is a crucial step in the early stages of development and expansion for any organization, especially in the healthcare sector. By assessing potential challenges and opportunities, DEF Healthcare Solutions can develop strategies to mitigate risks and capitalize on favorable conditions.
Question : Maternal mortality can be reduced through:
Option 1: Access to family planning services
Option 2: Increased healthcare costs
Option 3: Reduced investment in healthcare infrastructure
Option 4: Decreased availability of skilled healthcare professionals
Correct Answer: Access to family planning services
Solution : The correct answer is (A) Access to family planning services.
Family planning services, including contraception and reproductive health education, play a crucial role in preventing unintended pregnancies and enabling women to plan their pregnancies based on their health and socio-economic conditions. When women have access to family planning services, they can space their pregnancies, avoid pregnancies at a very young or advanced age, and ensure proper prenatal care. This can significantly reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, ultimately leading to a decrease in maternal mortality rates.
Question : Select the most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined words in the given sentence.
The integration of cutting-edge technologies into the healthcare industry have the prospect of revolutionising the way medical professionals provide patient care.
Option 1: were the potential
Option 2: have the potential
Option 3: has the prospect
Option 4: will have potential
Correct Answer: has the prospect
The issue in this sentence lies with the subject-verb agreement not being followed. The subject is singular, while the verb "have" is plural. To correct this sentence, the verb should match the singular subject and should be changed to "has".
Therefore, the correct sentence is: The integration of cutting-edge technologies into the healthcare industry has the prospect of revolutionising the way medical professionals provide patient care.
Question : Case Study 18:
LMN Corporation is a conglomerate planning to diversify its operations by entering the healthcare industry.
Question :
To finance its entry into the healthcare industry, LMN Corporation is considering issuing bonds. What type of market activity is this?
Option 1: Secondary market
Option 2: Primary market
Option 3: Money market trading
Option 4: Equity share issuance
Correct Answer: Primary market
Solution : The correct answer is (b) Primary market
Issuing bonds to finance its entry into the healthcare industry would involve engaging in the primary market. The primary market is where new securities, like bonds, are issued and sold for the first time by the issuing company or entity to investors. In this case, LMN Corporation is issuing bonds to raise capital for its expansion into the healthcare industry.
DEF Healthcare Solutions is a healthcare startup that aims to provide affordable medical services to underserved areas. The company is in the early stages of development and is looking for ways to expand its reach.
Identifying potential risks is a crucial step, especially in the early stages of development when expanding into new areas. By conducting a thorough risk assessment, DEF Healthcare Solutions can identify challenges and uncertainties that may arise during the expansion process. This includes understanding potential obstacles, regulatory issues, competition, and other factors that may impact the success of providing affordable medical services to underserved areas. Identifying potential risks helps in better planning and allocation of resources. DEF Healthcare Solutions can allocate resources strategically to address specific challenges, ensuring efficient use of financial and human resources.
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